What was the primary motivation for Congress passing the Sherman Antitrust Act in 1890?

The primary motivation for Congress passing the Sherman Antitrust Act in 1890 was the concern about concentrating too much economic power in the hands of a few large businesses. During this period, the United States was experiencing significant industrial growth, which led to the emergence of monopolies and trusts that dominated various markets. These large entities could manipulate prices, reduce competition, and ultimately harm consumers and smaller businesses.

The Sherman Antitrust Act aimed to combat these practices by making it illegal to restrain trade or commerce and to prohibit monopoly formation. Congress recognized that unchecked corporate power could lead to economic inequality and reduce opportunities for fair competition, which ultimately harms the economy and consumer welfare. This act was a crucial step in establishing a legal framework to promote competition and protect consumers from anti-competitive practices, reflecting a broader commitment to ensuring a balanced economic environment.