Which of the following products is least likely to contain volatile organic compounds (VOCs)?

Hardwood is least likely to contain volatile organic compounds (VOCs) compared to the other options listed. VOCs are organic chemicals that can easily evaporate at room temperature and are found in many common products, particularly those used in household repairs, finishes, and textiles.

Wood finishes, such as varnishes and paints, often include VOCs to improve drying time and application properties. Adhesives similarly can contain a range of VOCs to enhance their bonding capabilities, which can contribute to harmful emissions. Drapery materials, especially those that are treated or manufactured using synthetic processes, can also release VOCs.

In contrast, hardwood is a natural product that, when used in its raw form (without treatments or finishes), does not inherently contain VOCs. It is a solid material derived directly from trees, and any VOCs would come from additional processing or treatments not inherent to the wood itself. This makes hardwood a preferable choice for environments where VOC exposure should be minimized.